Water Transport System In Plants
As you know, plants need water and mineral salts to perform the process of photosynthesis. The goal of photosynthesis is to produce glucose that used by plants as a food to grow and develop.
Water and mineral salt must be transported from the soil to the leaves. While the results of photosynthesis must be circulated to all parts of the plant body. How did that happen?
The answer is that plants have their own transport system to bring water from roots to leaves and to distribute food made through photosynthesis.
In this section, we will learn about:
1. Transportation of Tissue on Plants
2. Water Transportation Mechanism in Plants
3. Transport Mechanism of Nutrition in Plants.
Transportation Tissue on Plants
In the lesson of tissues plant, one of the tissues owned by plants is tissue transportation.
There are two types of tissue transportation in plants:
1. Xylem
2. Phloem
Plant roots serve to absorb water and mineral salts from the soil. After entering the roots, the xylem will be responsible for transporting the water and mineral salt to the plant stem and leaves so it can be used in the photosynthesis process.
When the photosynthesis process is complete, glucose is produced as a food source used by plants to grow and develop. This glucose should be circulated to all parts of the plant organ. The tissue that has a job to distribute the result of the photosynthesis process is phloem.
Xylem and phloem are composed of the capillary tube. The xylem tube is located separately with a phloem tube. Xylem capillary tube on the root will blend with the xylem in the stem. So is the phloem. In this way, water and mineral salts, and nutrients can be transported to the appropriate places.
Mechanism of Water Transportation on Plants
Water is a liquid substance and can enter or exit from plant body. The entering and exit events of water from plants are called transfers and are influenced by the environmental conditions in which they live.
When the humidity of the environment is high (the amount of water vapor in the environment is high), then water will enter the plant. Conversely, if plants live in dry and humid conditions are low then the water will come out of plants.
Exit and entry of water in this plant through a gap/pore called stomata. Stomata are commonly found on the underside of plant leaves.
Water and mineral salts present in the soil enter into the root cells due to the difference in water concentration. There are two types of liquid displacement based on their concentration:
1. Diffusion: the process of moving a liquid from a high concentration to a low concentration.
2. Osmosis: the process of moving a liquid from a low to a high concentration through a semipermeable membrane.
What is a semipermeable membrane?
The semipermeable membrane is a selective membrane that can only be passed through / penetrated by certain substances only. This membrane serves to regulate the traffic of substances from within and outside the cell. An example of this semipermeable membrane is the cell membrane.
The process of transporting water in plants
Xylem on the stem has many capillary tubes with very small diameters. When one end of that capillary tube touches the water present in the root, then the water will rise upwards. This event is similar to the event of oil rising on the stove axis.
The capillary power of the stem is influenced by two things:
1. Cohesion: It is the tendency of a molecule to bind to other similar molecules.
2. Adhesion: It is the tendency of a molecule to bind to other difference molecules.
Because the adhesion force, water will form a bond with the walls of the xylem capillaries tube. Then, because of the cohesion force, the water molecules will bind to each other to create a tensile force between the water molecules along the xylem capillaries. By this way, the water can rise from the root to the stem and leaf.
Water from the stem goes into the leaves because the leaves have suction power. This suction power arises because in the leaf occurs the process of photosynthesis that uses water as one of the basic ingredients.
When the amount of water in the leaves thinning, then the water inside the stem will go into the leaves. Well, that's all the mechanism so the water can enter from the roots to the leaves.
Water and mineral salt must be transported from the soil to the leaves. While the results of photosynthesis must be circulated to all parts of the plant body. How did that happen?
The answer is that plants have their own transport system to bring water from roots to leaves and to distribute food made through photosynthesis.
In this section, we will learn about:
1. Transportation of Tissue on Plants
2. Water Transportation Mechanism in Plants
3. Transport Mechanism of Nutrition in Plants.
Transportation Tissue on Plants
In the lesson of tissues plant, one of the tissues owned by plants is tissue transportation.
There are two types of tissue transportation in plants:
1. Xylem
2. Phloem
Plant roots serve to absorb water and mineral salts from the soil. After entering the roots, the xylem will be responsible for transporting the water and mineral salt to the plant stem and leaves so it can be used in the photosynthesis process.
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| Plant stem anatomy. Iamge Source: flikcr.com |
Xylem and phloem are composed of the capillary tube. The xylem tube is located separately with a phloem tube. Xylem capillary tube on the root will blend with the xylem in the stem. So is the phloem. In this way, water and mineral salts, and nutrients can be transported to the appropriate places.
Mechanism of Water Transportation on Plants
Water is a liquid substance and can enter or exit from plant body. The entering and exit events of water from plants are called transfers and are influenced by the environmental conditions in which they live.
When the humidity of the environment is high (the amount of water vapor in the environment is high), then water will enter the plant. Conversely, if plants live in dry and humid conditions are low then the water will come out of plants.
Exit and entry of water in this plant through a gap/pore called stomata. Stomata are commonly found on the underside of plant leaves.
Water and mineral salts present in the soil enter into the root cells due to the difference in water concentration. There are two types of liquid displacement based on their concentration:
1. Diffusion: the process of moving a liquid from a high concentration to a low concentration.
2. Osmosis: the process of moving a liquid from a low to a high concentration through a semipermeable membrane.
What is a semipermeable membrane?
The semipermeable membrane is a selective membrane that can only be passed through / penetrated by certain substances only. This membrane serves to regulate the traffic of substances from within and outside the cell. An example of this semipermeable membrane is the cell membrane.
The process of transporting water in plants
- Water and mineral salts dissolved in it and are in the soil will be absorbed by the hairs of the roots.
- The water then enters the epidermal cells by osmosis.
- From the epidermal cells, water goes to the cortex through the endodermis and the pericycle.
- Then, water goes into the root xylem.
- After arriving at the root xylem, the water will move up towards the stem and leaves xylem. This water can move not because it is pumped but because of the capillarity of the stem.
Xylem on the stem has many capillary tubes with very small diameters. When one end of that capillary tube touches the water present in the root, then the water will rise upwards. This event is similar to the event of oil rising on the stove axis.
The capillary power of the stem is influenced by two things:
1. Cohesion: It is the tendency of a molecule to bind to other similar molecules.
2. Adhesion: It is the tendency of a molecule to bind to other difference molecules.
Because the adhesion force, water will form a bond with the walls of the xylem capillaries tube. Then, because of the cohesion force, the water molecules will bind to each other to create a tensile force between the water molecules along the xylem capillaries. By this way, the water can rise from the root to the stem and leaf.
Water from the stem goes into the leaves because the leaves have suction power. This suction power arises because in the leaf occurs the process of photosynthesis that uses water as one of the basic ingredients.
When the amount of water in the leaves thinning, then the water inside the stem will go into the leaves. Well, that's all the mechanism so the water can enter from the roots to the leaves.
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