Virus Replication
The virus can only reproduce if it is in the cell of another organism.
Viruses live parasitically in the host cell such as bacteria, eukaryotic microorganisms, plants, animals, and humans.
Generally, the virus attacks and develops in a specific living cell.
Example:
- Bacteriophage virus attacks only bacterial cells.
- The rabies virus attacks only mammals.
- Mosaic virus attacks only tobacco plants.
In addition, some types of viruses do not infect entire cells in the body of living organisms. They only attack the cell on a particular tissue.
Example:
- The HIV virus (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) attacks only the white blood cells.
- Polio vitamins attack only the peripheral nerve cells and epithelial cells.
Viral reproduction is divided into two cycles - the lytic cycle and the lysogenic cycle.
The lytic cycle occurs when the virus particles out of the host cell by breaking the cell and causing its host to die. Viral reproduction in the lytic cycle is divided into five stages.
1. Adsorption
The adsorption stage is the stage when the virus particles are attached to the host cell to be infected. Place sticking occurs in the host cell membrane. These cell membranes have receptor proteins that recognize viruses.
2. Penetration
At this stage, the viral genetic material is inserted into the cytoplasm of the host cell.
3. Synthesis.
At the synthesis stage, the host cell has been controlled by the virus to synthesize and multiply the constituent components of the virus.
4. Assembling
The assembly stage is the stage of compiling the components of the virus into viral particles.
5. Lysis.
It is the last step that the virus particles out of the host cell by damaging the cell.
In the lysogenic cycle, the viral genetic material is inserted into the host cell's genetic material which then undergoes replication when the host cell divides. The genetic material of the virus is then inherited on the sapling cells resulting in cleavage without damaging the host cell. The lysogenic cycle occurs in several stages.
1. Adsorption and penetration.
The adsorption and penetration stage of the lysogenic cycle is the same as the lytic cycle.
2. Merger
At this stage, there is a merger between the genetic material of the virus and the host cell's genetic material.
3. Cleavage
The genetic material that has been joined then undergoes replication and is inherited on the tiller cells of the host cell division.
Viruses live parasitically in the host cell such as bacteria, eukaryotic microorganisms, plants, animals, and humans.
Generally, the virus attacks and develops in a specific living cell.
Example:
- Bacteriophage virus attacks only bacterial cells.
- The rabies virus attacks only mammals.
- Mosaic virus attacks only tobacco plants.
In addition, some types of viruses do not infect entire cells in the body of living organisms. They only attack the cell on a particular tissue.
Example:
- The HIV virus (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) attacks only the white blood cells.
- Polio vitamins attack only the peripheral nerve cells and epithelial cells.
Viral reproduction is divided into two cycles - the lytic cycle and the lysogenic cycle.
The lytic cycle occurs when the virus particles out of the host cell by breaking the cell and causing its host to die. Viral reproduction in the lytic cycle is divided into five stages.
The adsorption stage is the stage when the virus particles are attached to the host cell to be infected. Place sticking occurs in the host cell membrane. These cell membranes have receptor proteins that recognize viruses.
2. Penetration
At this stage, the viral genetic material is inserted into the cytoplasm of the host cell.
3. Synthesis.
At the synthesis stage, the host cell has been controlled by the virus to synthesize and multiply the constituent components of the virus.
4. Assembling
The assembly stage is the stage of compiling the components of the virus into viral particles.
5. Lysis.
It is the last step that the virus particles out of the host cell by damaging the cell.
In the lysogenic cycle, the viral genetic material is inserted into the host cell's genetic material which then undergoes replication when the host cell divides. The genetic material of the virus is then inherited on the sapling cells resulting in cleavage without damaging the host cell. The lysogenic cycle occurs in several stages.
The adsorption and penetration stage of the lysogenic cycle is the same as the lytic cycle.
2. Merger
At this stage, there is a merger between the genetic material of the virus and the host cell's genetic material.
3. Cleavage
The genetic material that has been joined then undergoes replication and is inherited on the tiller cells of the host cell division.
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