The Functions and Structure of Human Skeletal System
Human Bone is Consist of Living Cell
When we looking at a skeleton, we might think that the bones are dead structures made of rock-like material. Although hard bones in our body are no longer living, it is actually much alive.
In fact, each living organ in our body is made of several different tissues. Same like all the other living tissues in our body, bones tissue is made of cells that take in nutrients and use energy. Bones cells are same like the other cells in our body that needs the energy to do their activity.
Functions Of Human Skeletal System
The skeletal system is a system that consists of all bones in our body. The main function of the skeletal system in our body is :
Bone Structure
There are several types of bones in our body. Each type of this bones is a difference in their sizes and shapes. The shapes of bone are inherited. But, a bone's shape can change when the attached muscles are used.
Bones have bumps, edges, round ends, rough spots, and many pits and holes. Muscle and ligaments attach to some of the bumps and pits. In our body blood vessels and nerves enter and leave through the holes.
This figure below shows to you about bone structure from the inside and the outside.
A living bone's surface is covered with tough, tight-fitting membrane called the periosteum. Small blood vessels in the periosteum carry nutrients into the bone. Cells involved in the growth and repair of bone also are found in the periosteum. Under the periosteum are two different type of bone tissue, that is :
1. Compact Bone
Directly under the periosteum is a hard, strong layer called compact bone. Compact bone gives bones strength. It has a framework containing deposits of calcium and phosphate.
These deposits make the bone hard. Bone cells and blood vessels also are found in this layer. This framework is living tissue and even though it's hard, it keeps the bone from being too rigid or easily broken.
2. Spongy Bone
Spongy bone is located toward the ends of the long bones such as those in your thigh and upper arms. Spongy bone has many small, open space that makes bones lightweight. If all of our bones were completely solid, we'd have greater mass.
In the centers of long bones are large opening called cavities. These cavities and the spaces in the spongy bone are filled with the substance called marrow. Some marrow is yellow and is composed of fat cells. Red marrow produces red blood cells at the incredible rate of 2 million to 3 million cells per second.
Cartilage
The ends of the bones are covered with a smooth, slippery, thick layer of tissue called cartilage. Cartilage does not contain blood vessels or minerals. It is flexible and important in joints because it acts as a shock absorber.
It also makes movement easier by reducing friction that would be caused by bones rubbing together. Cartilage can be damaged because of disease, injury, or years of use. People with damaged cartilage experience pain when they move.
When we looking at a skeleton, we might think that the bones are dead structures made of rock-like material. Although hard bones in our body are no longer living, it is actually much alive.
In fact, each living organ in our body is made of several different tissues. Same like all the other living tissues in our body, bones tissue is made of cells that take in nutrients and use energy. Bones cells are same like the other cells in our body that needs the energy to do their activity.
Functions Of Human Skeletal System
The skeletal system is a system that consists of all bones in our body. The main function of the skeletal system in our body is :
- The skeleton gives shapes and support to the human body.
- Bones protect the vital internal organ of human body. For example, ribs surround the heart and lungs dan the skull encloses the brain. So, when there is a collision or pressure, the internal organs remain protected.
- Major muscles are attached to the bone to help them move.
- Blood cells are formed in the center of many bones in soft tissue called red marrow.
- Major quantities of calcium dan phosphorous compounds are stored in the skeleton for later use. Calcium and phosphorous make bones hard.
Bone Structure
There are several types of bones in our body. Each type of this bones is a difference in their sizes and shapes. The shapes of bone are inherited. But, a bone's shape can change when the attached muscles are used.
Bones have bumps, edges, round ends, rough spots, and many pits and holes. Muscle and ligaments attach to some of the bumps and pits. In our body blood vessels and nerves enter and leave through the holes.
This figure below shows to you about bone structure from the inside and the outside.
A living bone's surface is covered with tough, tight-fitting membrane called the periosteum. Small blood vessels in the periosteum carry nutrients into the bone. Cells involved in the growth and repair of bone also are found in the periosteum. Under the periosteum are two different type of bone tissue, that is :
1. Compact Bone
Directly under the periosteum is a hard, strong layer called compact bone. Compact bone gives bones strength. It has a framework containing deposits of calcium and phosphate.
These deposits make the bone hard. Bone cells and blood vessels also are found in this layer. This framework is living tissue and even though it's hard, it keeps the bone from being too rigid or easily broken.
2. Spongy Bone
Spongy bone is located toward the ends of the long bones such as those in your thigh and upper arms. Spongy bone has many small, open space that makes bones lightweight. If all of our bones were completely solid, we'd have greater mass.
In the centers of long bones are large opening called cavities. These cavities and the spaces in the spongy bone are filled with the substance called marrow. Some marrow is yellow and is composed of fat cells. Red marrow produces red blood cells at the incredible rate of 2 million to 3 million cells per second.
Cartilage
The ends of the bones are covered with a smooth, slippery, thick layer of tissue called cartilage. Cartilage does not contain blood vessels or minerals. It is flexible and important in joints because it acts as a shock absorber.
It also makes movement easier by reducing friction that would be caused by bones rubbing together. Cartilage can be damaged because of disease, injury, or years of use. People with damaged cartilage experience pain when they move.
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